Author Guidelines

The guidelines articulated here shall apply in preparing copy manuscripts. Researchers who desire to publish research papers in this Journal are encouraged to adhere to the formatting guidelines to avoid delay in the publication process. Major deviations from the format could render the copy manuscript unworthy of publication.

The research follows the general format of I – M – R – A – D.

1. PAPER SIZE, MARGINS, SPACING AND FONTS

1. Standard paper with dimensions 8.5 x 11 inches must be
2. The body of the manuscript must be typed single-spaced. For major headings and minor headings, refer to the Headings section of the
3. One-inch margin on all sides must be
4. Font style and font size must be Times New Roman, size 11 respectively.

2. PARTS OF THE COPY MANUSCRIPT

Title of the Study 

1. Written in font size 12
2. Letter of the words should be in upper case except for conjunctions and connectors
3. Must be aligned Center
4. Normally formatted (Bold)
5. Single space (if the title would exceed one line)

Author(s)

1. In font size 12
2. Should follow the title
3. Must be aligned Center
4. Names should be in upper case

Affiliation

ABSTRACT

1) Information abstract for research article, it should set out briefly and clearly the main objectives and results/conclusions of the work; it should give the reader a clear idea of what has been achieved;.

2) Indicative abstract for review article/short communication includes review of the research/technology in a period of comprehensive development or in the current level of development, and future prospects briefly.

3)The length of the abstract should not be more than 120 words.

4) Font size 10

5) Right and left indentation of 0.05 should be observed

KEYWORDS

1) Not less than 5 italicized key words

INTRODUCTION 

METHODOLOGY 

RESULTS 

DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

3. HEADINGS

 The major headings (i.e., Abstract, Introduction, Method, Results, Discussion, References, etc.) should be typed centered on the page and capitalized, except for articles, short prepositions and coordinating conjunctions. Subheadings should be 1.5 double spaces (equivalent to 3 single spaces) before and after the first line of the following paragraph and the last line of the preceding paragraph, respectively.

Minor headings (e.g., Participants, Measures and Procedure subsections under Method) should be aligned left and typed in italics. Only the first letter of the minor heading should be capitalized. Subheadings should be 1.5 double spaces (equivalent to 3 single spaces) after the last line of the preceding paragraph and one double space (equivalent to 2 single spaces) before the first line of the following paragraph.

4. VISUALS

Visuals such as tables and figures (charts, graphs, drawings and photographs) must be as as simple as possible. They are labeled in Arabic numerals followed by the title.

For tables, the label must be on top and aligned left while the source is put below, while labels are placed aligned left below figures. Texts in tables could be reduced to 10 to fit within the margins.

5. IN-TEXT CITATIONS

The author-date method of in-text citation is used when referring to another work in the text. This is the author's last name and the year of publication written capitalized whether integrated into the text or placed in parenthesis after a signal phrase. This has a corresponding complete entry in the Reference list when referring to the entire work or when quoting directly from it. When referring only to an idea, it does not need to be included in the Reference list.

When placing the title of a work cited in the text, the following words must be capitalized: all words which have four letters or more, words with less than four letters, but are verbs, nouns, pronouns, adjective and adverbs, both words in hyphenated compound words and words after a dash or colon. Titles of entire books, edited works, motion pictures, television series, documentaries or albums are italicized or underlined, while those of shorter works like journal articles, articles from edited collections, episodes from a television series or song titles are typed with quotation marks. In-text citation styles would differ as to source:

1. Work by two authors – type last name of both authors, separated by “and” in the signal phrase or separated by “&” in
2. Work by three to five authors – type last names of all authors in the signal phrase or in parenthesis when citing for the first time, after which only the first author's name is placed, followed by “et ”.
3. Work by six or more authors – type only the first author's name followed by “et ” in either the signal phrase or in parenthesis.
4. Unknown author – type the title of the work in the signal phrase or use parenthesis. Italicize of underline the titles of long works such as books while shorter works such as articles or chapters are typed with quotation
5. Organization as author – type capitalized the name of the organization in the signal phrase or in the
6. Authors with same last names – include the first initials of the authors'
7. Two or more works – type authors' name and year in the same order as they are listed in the References
8. Two or more works of same author in the same year – type the author's name followed by lower-case letters (a, b, c) assigned chronologically to each work, in the same order as in the Reference
9. Unknown author and date – type the title in the signal phrase or the first word or two in parenthesis, followed by “n. d.” to indicate no
10. Personal communication (interviews, letter, electronic mail, ) - type name, indicate that it is a “personal communication,” and the date. This is not to be entered in the Reference list.
11. Indirect sources (taken from a source as cited in another work) – type author of original idea followed by “as cited in,” and the author of the secondary source where the idea was
12. Electronic sources – cite just like any other document in the author-date method.

6. FOOT-NOTES AND END-NOTES

This is space for long explanatory notes, bibliographic comments and additional information that are preferred to be omitted in the main text. Instead, a superscript numeral is placed in the text with the corresponding information either on the bottom of the page (footnote) or at the end of the paper (endnote).

7. REFERENCES

The Reference section is at the end of the paper containing complete information on how to access the sources you used in the writing of the paper. Each source then, must be entered into this list, except when not entire works are presented but only ideas are, in which case an in-text citation should suffice. Entries in this list must also likewise be cited in the text.

This list should start on a section separate from the body of the report, with the word “REFERENCES” typed centered on the page. This list would be typed double-space just like the rest of the paper. To enter a work cited, type the author or authors' last names first, followed by the initials of the first and middle names up to the sixth author, after which the rest of the authors will be signified with “et al.” The list  is in alphabetical order. Multiple works by the same author must be listed in chronological order, starting from the earliest, distinguished by assigned lower-case letters. Titles of longer works such as books and journals are italicized. For shorter works, such as journal articles and essays, the titles are not italicized, underlined are placed in quotation marks. All major words in journal titles are capitalized. For other types of sources, only the first word of a title or subtitle, the first word after a colon or a dash and proper nouns are capitalized while the second word in a hyphenated compound word is no longer capitalized.